Registered Dietitian Certification and Licensure

More than four decades after the first National Nutrition Week campaign was launched in the 1970s, the field of dietetics continues to grow and evolve. Today’s dietitians face new opportunities in corporate wellness, sports nutrition, telehealth, and personalized nutrition—making this an exciting time to enter the profession.

The following bachelors and Master’s programs offer career-focused instruction delivered by trained nutritionists with experience in the field. Find out more what each individual course of study offers through the locations below.

The road to becoming a Registered Dietitian requires dedication, graduate-level education, and extensive clinical training. As of January 2024, the Commission on Dietetic Registration now requires at least a master’s degree for first-time RD eligibility—a significant change from the previous bachelor’s degree minimum. But for those passionate about improving health through evidence-based nutrition, the career offers both personal fulfillment and strong financial stability. This comprehensive guide walks you through every step of the RD certification process, from choosing your education path to maintaining your credential and pursuing advanced specializations.

What is a Registered Dietitian?

A Registered Dietitian (RD) is a food and nutrition expert who has completed rigorous graduate-level education, supervised practice experience, and passed a national credentialing examination. RDs are qualified to assess nutritional needs, develop personalized meal plans, manage medical nutrition therapy, and provide evidence-based dietary counseling for disease prevention and treatment.

RD vs RDN: Understanding the Credentials

You may see the credentials “RD” and “RDN” used interchangeably—and that’s because they represent the same qualification. The Commission on Dietetic Registration (CDR) allows credentialed professionals to use either title:

• RD (Registered Dietitian) – The traditional credential title used since the 1960s
• RDN (Registered Dietitian Nutritionist) – Added in 2013 to emphasize the nutrition expertise component

Both credentials require the same education, training, and examination. The choice of title is purely a matter of personal preference.

National Certification vs State Licensure

It’s essential to understand the difference between national certification and state-level permission to practice:

National RD Certification is earned through the Commission on Dietetic Registration and is recognized nationwide. This is what people typically mean when they refer to “dietitian certification.” You earn this credential once, and it’s valid across all 50 states.

State Licensure or Registration is the legal permission to practice dietetics in a specific state. Currently, 43 states regulate the dietetics profession, and most require you to hold the national RD credential before granting state licensure. Five states (Connecticut, Indiana, Utah, Vermont, and Wisconsin) use the term “certification” at the state level; however, this differs from national RD certification.

The bottom line: You need the national RD credential first, then you apply for state licensure or registration in the state where you plan to practice.

Why Become a Registered Dietitian?

The RD credential opens doors to diverse career opportunities while providing job security, competitive salaries, and the satisfaction of making a real difference in people’s health.

Career Opportunities and Work Settings

Registered Dietitians work in varied settings across healthcare, business, education, and research:

• Hospitals and healthcare systems – Clinical dietitians manage medical nutrition therapy for patients with diabetes, kidney disease, heart conditions, and other health issues
• Private practice and telehealth – Self-employed RDs provide personalized nutrition counseling and meal planning services
• Sports and fitness centers – Sports dietitians work with athletes and teams to optimize performance through nutrition
• Corporate wellness programs – RDs develop workplace nutrition initiatives and health promotion programs
• Food industry and business – Product development, recipe creation, marketing, and quality control roles
• Community and public health – WIC programs, health departments, and nonprofit organizations
• Research and academia – Universities, research institutions, and government agencies
• Long-term care facilities – Nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, and assisted living communities

Salary and Job Outlook

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, dietitians and nutritionists earned a median annual salary of $74,770 as of May 2024. However, earnings vary significantly based on experience level, specialization, and work setting:

The employment outlook for dietitians remains strong, with the BLS projecting steady growth as healthcare systems increasingly recognize the role of nutrition in preventing and managing chronic diseases.

Professional Recognition and Requirements

The RD credential demonstrates proven expertise in key areas, including nutrition assessment, medical nutrition therapy, food science principles, program management, menu development, and food safety standards. This professional recognition matters because:

• 43 states legally require the RD credential to practice as a dietitian
• Medicare, Medicaid, and most insurance companies require RD credentials for reimbursement
• Hospitals, government agencies, and major employers mandate RD certification for nutrition positions
• The credential qualifies you for advanced certifications in specialized areas of practice

The following bachelors and Master’s programs offer career-focused instruction delivered by trained nutritionists with experience in the field. Find out more what each individual course of study offers through the locations below.

RD Certification Requirements

The path to becoming a Registered Dietitian involves three main requirements established by the Commission on Dietetic Registration. Each component ensures that RDs possess both the theoretical knowledge and practical skills necessary to provide safe and adequate nutrition care.

The Three Core Requirements (Effective January 2024)

1. Complete an ACEND-accredited graduate program (minimum master’s degree required for first-time applicants as of January 1, 2024)
2. Fulfill supervised practice requirements (minimum 1,200 hours)
3. Pass the Registration Examination for Dietitians

Significant Change: As of January 1, 2024, the CDR requires a minimum of a master’s degree for first-time RD eligibility. If you’re planning to become an RD, you’ll need to complete graduate-level education through an ACEND-accredited program.

Once you complete these requirements, you’ll receive your RD credential from the CDR, which then qualifies you to apply for state licensure in your state.

Step-by-Step Guide to Becoming an RD

Here’s a clear roadmap of the journey from high school graduate to licensed Registered Dietitian, including realistic timeframes for each stage under the new graduate degree requirement.

Step 1: Earn Your Bachelor’s Degree (4 Years)

While a master’s degree is now required for RD eligibility, most students still begin with a bachelor’s degree in nutrition, dietetics, or a related field. Your undergraduate degree should include foundational coursework in:

• Basic sciences: chemistry, biochemistry, anatomy, and physiology
• Food and nutrition sciences: macronutrients, micronutrients, metabolism
• Introductory clinical nutrition and community nutrition
• Research methods and statistical analysis

Many students complete a bachelor’s degree in dietetics, nutrition science, food science, or related fields before advancing to a graduate program.

Step 2: Complete a Master’s Degree from an ACEND-Accredited Program (2-3 Years)

This is now the critical requirement. You must earn at least a master’s degree from a program accredited by the Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics (ACEND). These programs combine advanced coursework with the preparation needed for supervised practice.

Graduate program formats:

• Master’s degree with separate internship – Complete master’s coursework, then apply for a dietetic internship afterward
• Combined master’s and internship program – Supervised practice integrated into the graduate degree program
• Doctoral programs – PhD or other doctoral degree in nutrition/dietetics also fulfill the requirement

What you’ll study at the graduate level:

• Advanced medical nutrition therapy
• Nutrition biochemistry, and metabolism
• Research methodology and evidence-based practice
• Advanced clinical nutrition for complex diseases
• Leadership and management in dietetics
• Community nutrition program development
• Foodservice systems management
• Professional practice and ethics

The following programs offer career-focused instruction delivered by trained nutritionists with experience in the field:

• Purdue Global’s Bachelor of Science in Nutrition Program is an approved holistic nutrition education program through the National Association of Nutrition Professionals (NANP)
• UNC’s MPH Nutrition concentration prepares students to provide, evaluate, and communicate nutritional and dietary guidance that improves individual and population-wide health outcomes
• Walden University’s Bachelor of Science (B.S.) in Health Studies – Health Promotion and Wellness gains job-ready, immediately applicable skills that today’s employers want
• The University of Texas at Austin offers an Online Master of Science in Nutritional Sciences.

Step 3: Complete Supervised Practice (Concurrent or Post-Degree, 10-24 Months)

You must complete at least 1,200 hours of supervised practice experience. Depending on your program type, this may be integrated into your master’s degree or completed afterward through a dietetic internship. We’ll explore these options in detail in the next section.

Step 4: Pass the Registration Examination (2-3 Months Preparation)

Once you’ve completed your graduate education and supervised practice, you’re eligible to sit for the Registration Examination for Dietitians administered by Pearson VUE. This computer-based exam tests your competency across all areas of dietetic practice. Most candidates spend 2 to 3 months preparing for the exam.

Step 5: Apply for State Licensure (1-2 Months)

After passing the exam and receiving your RD credential from the CDR, you’ll apply for licensure or registration in your state (if your state regulates dietetics practice). State requirements vary, but typically involve submitting your CDR credential, educational transcripts, and a state application along with the required fees.

Total Timeline: How Long Does It Take?

Note for Current Students: If you began a bachelor ‘s-level didactic program before January 1, 2024, you may still be eligible to complete the RD requirements under the previous bachelor’s degree standard, provided you complete all requirements within a specific timeframe. Check with the CDR for specific grandfathering provisions and deadlines.

Supervised Practice Options Explained

The supervised practice component is where you’ll apply classroom knowledge to real-world nutrition practice. The CDR recognizes three pathways to complete the required 1,200 hours of training. Each path has different structures, admission processes, and timelines.

Option 1: Accredited Dietetic Internship

A common pathway involves completing a dietetic internship after or during your master’s degree. These intensive programs typically last 8-12 months and include rotations in clinical, community, and foodservice settings.

Key features:

• Competitive admission process (matching system similar to medical residency)
• Full-time commitment (typically unpaid, though some offer stipends)
• Rotations through multiple practice areas
• Must be completed through a CDR-accredited provider
• Culminates in competency validation across all practice areas

Typical rotation structure:

• Clinical nutrition in acute care (400-500 hours)
• Community or public health nutrition (200-300 hours)
• Foodservice management (300-400 hours)
• Elective or specialty rotation (100-200 hours)

Best for: Students who complete a master’s degree without integrated supervised practice and want to finish their training quickly through a full-time, structured program.

Option 2: Combined Master’s and Supervised Practice Program

Some master’s degree programs integrate the 1,200 hours of supervised practice directly into the curriculum. These coordinated programs allow you to complete your graduate education and supervised practice simultaneously.

Key features:

• Combined degree and internship in one program
• Supervised practice integrated throughout graduate coursework
• No separate internship application or match process needed
• Typically takes 2-3 years to complete
• May cost more in tuition, but saves time and separate application fees
• Streamlined pathway meeting the new graduate degree requirement

Best for: Students who want the most efficient pathway and prefer to complete everything in one program without needing to apply separately for internships.

Option 3: Individualized Supervised Practice Pathway (ISPP)

The ISPP offers flexibility for individuals who have completed a master’s degree in nutrition or related fields but didn’t complete an ACEND-accredited supervised practice program. This self-directed pathway allows up to three years to accumulate 1,200 hours.

Key features:

• Flexible timeline (up to 3 years)
• You arrange your own supervised practice placements
• Part-time or full-time options available
• Requires preceptor oversight (RD supervision)
• Must document competency achievement across all practice areas
• Ideal for career changers or those with work/family commitments

Essential requirement: You must have completed a master’s degree (or higher) that includes coursework meeting ACEND didactic requirements. A representative from your institution must verify your didactic education before you can begin your ISPP.

Best for: Career changers with graduate degrees, international-trained dietitians, or individuals who need flexibility to complete supervised practice while working or managing other responsibilities.

Comparing Your Options

The Registration Examination for Dietitians

The final hurdle before earning your RD credential is passing the Registration Examination for Dietitians. This computer-based exam, administered by Pearson VUE testing centers nationwide, assesses your readiness to practice entry-level dietetics.

Exam Format and Content

The exam consists of 125-145 multiple-choice questions distributed across four major content domains:

• Principles of Dietetics – Food and nutrition sciences, nutrient metabolism, lifespan nutrition needs
• Nutrition Care for Individuals and Groups – Nutrition assessment, diagnosis, intervention, monitoring, and evaluation
• Management of Food and Nutrition Programs and Services – Foodservice operations, quality improvement, human resources, and financial management
• Foodservice Systems – Menu planning, food procurement, production, safety, and sanitation

Preparing for the Exam

Most candidates spend 6 to 12 weeks preparing for the Registration Exam. Effective preparation strategies include:

• Using the CDR’s exam content outline to focus your studying
• Taking practice exams to identify weak areas
• Joining study groups with other candidates
• Reviewing class notes and textbooks from your graduate program
• Using commercial exam prep materials and courses

For detailed exam preparation strategies, visit our comprehensive CDR Exam Preparation Guide.

Exam Logistics

• Cost: Check the CDR website for current exam fees (typically around $200)
• Scheduling: You can schedule your exam after CDR verifies your eligibility
• Testing windows: Available year-round at Pearson VUE centers
• Results: Preliminary pass/fail results appear immediately after completion; official score reports arrive within 1-2 weeks
• Retakes: If you don’t pass, you can retake the exam after a mandatory waiting period

Applying for State Licensure

Once you’ve earned your RD credential from the CDR, you’re qualified to apply for state licensure or registration. Currently, 43 states regulate the practice of dietetics, meaning you need state-level permission in addition to your national RD certification.

Understanding State Requirements

State requirements typically include:

• Proof of RD certification from CDR
• Educational transcripts from ACEND-accredited programs
• Background check and fingerprinting (in some states)
• State application form and licensing fees
• Jurisprudence exam (in some states)

States That Use Different Terminology

While most states use the term “licensure,” five states use different terminology but still regulate the profession:

• Connecticut – State certification required
• Indiana – State certification required
• Utah – State certification required
• Vermont – State certification required
• Wisconsin – State certification required

Regardless of what it’s called, you’ll need both your national RD credential and state-level authorization to practice as a dietitian in these locations legally.

States Without Dietetics Regulation

Seven states currently don’t have licensure laws for dietitians. In these states, you can practice with your RD credential alone, though many employers still prefer or require the RD for nutrition positions. However, having the RD credential is still highly recommended because it demonstrates professional competency and is often necessary for insurance reimbursement.

Maintaining Your RD Certification

The RD credential isn’t a one-time achievement. To maintain your active credential and state licensure, you must meet the continuing education requirements established by the CDR.

CDR Continuing Professional Education (CPE) Requirements

Every five years, you must complete these steps:

1. Complete 75 Continuing Professional Education Units (CPEUs)
   • 1 CPEU = 1 hour of approved continuing education
   • At least 1 CPEU must focus on ethics (required annually)
   • Remaining CPEUs can cover any relevant professional topic
2. Create and maintain a Professional Development Portfolio (PDP)
   • Set learning goals and objectives
   • Track your learning activities
   • Reflect on how learning impacts your practice
3. Pay annual renewal fees to the CDR
   • Due each year on your credential anniversary date
   • Check the CDR website for current fee amounts

Where to Earn CPEUs

Approved continuing education is available through many sources:

• Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics conferences and webinars
• CDR-approved continuing education providers
• Journal article self-study courses
• Professional presentations and workshops
• Academic coursework
• Research and publication activities

State Maintenance Requirements

Your state may have additional continuing education requirements beyond the CDR’s standards. Some states simply require you to maintain your CDR credential in good standing, while others mandate specific state-level continuing education hours or jurisprudence training. Check with your state dietetics board for specific requirements.

Advanced Specializations for RDs

After gaining experience as an RD, you may choose to pursue advanced board certifications that demonstrate specialized expertise. The CDR offers six Board Certified Specialist (BCS) credentials in high-demand practice areas.

Available Specialist Certifications

Benefits of Specialist Certification

Earning a BCS credential offers several advantages:

• Professional distinction – Sets you apart from general practice RDs
• Higher earning potential – Specialists typically command higher salaries
• Career advancement – Often preferred or required for senior positions
• More profound expertise – Validates advanced knowledge in your specialty area
• Networking opportunities – Connect with other specialists through practice groups

Frequently Asked Questions

What’s the difference between RD and RDN?

There is no difference. RD (Registered Dietitian) and RDN (Registered Dietitian Nutritionist) are two titles for the same credential. The Commission on Dietetic Registration allows professionals to use either designation interchangeably. Both require the same education, supervised practice, and examination.

How long does it take to become a registered dietitian?

With the new graduate degree requirement effective January 2024, becoming an RD now typically takes 6-7 years or more. This includes 4 years for a bachelor’s degree, 2-3 years for a master’s degree (which may consist of integrated supervised practice), plus time for exam preparation and state licensure. The exact timeline depends on whether your master’s program comprises integrated supervised practice or if you complete a separate dietetic internship.

Do I need a master’s degree to become an RD?

Yes. As of January 1, 2024, the CDR requires, at a minimum, a master’s degree from an ACEND-accredited program for first-time RD eligibility. This represents a significant change from the previous minimum requirement for a bachelor’s degree. If you began a bachelor’s program before 2024, check with the CDR about grandfathering provisions and specific deadlines for completing requirements under the old standards.

What is the cost to become a registered dietitian?

Total costs now range from approximately $80,000-$180,000 or more, including: bachelor’s degree tuition ($40,000-$100,000), master’s degree tuition ($30,000-$70,000), dietetic internship fees if separate ($5,000-$25,000), Registration Exam fee (around $200), and state licensure application fees ($100-$300). Many internships are unpaid, so you’ll also need to account for living expenses during that period.

Can I become an RD with an online degree?

Yes, many ACEND-accredited programs offer online or hybrid formats for coursework at both bachelor’s and master’s levels. However, all pathways require in-person, supervised practice hours in clinical, community, and food service settings. You cannot complete the entire RD process entirely online, but online education can be part of your journey for the didactic component.

What’s the pass rate for the Registration Exam?

The CDR publishes annual pass rate data on its website. First-time pass rates typically range from 80% to 85%. Pass rates are highest for candidates who recently completed ACEND-accredited programs and who dedicate adequate time to exam preparation.

Do I need to renew my RD certification?

Yes, you must complete continuing professional education requirements every five years to maintain your RD credential. This includes earning 75 CPEUs (with at least one focused on ethics annually), maintaining a professional development portfolio, and paying annual renewal fees to the CDR. Your state may have additional renewal requirements.

Can I practice as a nutritionist without an RD certification?

It depends on your state. In the 43 states that regulate dietetics practice, you typically cannot use protected titles like “dietitian” or “nutritionist” without proper credentials. However, some states permit unregulated practice under titles such as “nutrition consultant” or “health coach.” The RD credential provides the highest level of professional recognition and is required for insurance reimbursement and many employment opportunities.

What’s the difference between a dietitian and a nutritionist?

The term “dietitian” is a protected professional title requiring specific credentials (RD/RDN) in most states. “Nutritionist” is often unregulated and can be used by individuals with varying levels of education and training. RDs/RDNs can legally use both titles; however, not everyone calling themselves a nutritionist possesses the education and credentials of an RD.

Can international students get RDs in the United States?

Yes, international students can pursue RD certification through U.S. programs. International dietitians trained abroad may have their education evaluated for equivalency. However, they must meet the new graduate degree requirement (master’s or higher) and could potentially use the ISPP pathway for supervised practice. The CDR provides US-specific guidance for internationally educated nutrition and dietetics professionals seeking U.S. credentialing.

What if I already have a bachelor’s degree? Do I need to start over?

No, you don’t need to start over. If you have a bachelor’s degree in any field, you can pursue a master’s degree in nutrition/dietetics from an ACEND-accredited program. Some programs offer “bridge” or “graduate entry” pathways specifically for students whose bachelor’s degree was in a different field. You may need to complete prerequisite coursework before beginning the master’s program.

The following bachelors and Master’s programs offer career-focused instruction delivered by trained nutritionists with experience in the field. Find out more what each individual course of study offers through the locations below.

2024 US Bureau of Labor Statistics salary figures for dietitians and nutritionists reflect national data, not school-specific information. Conditions in your area may vary. Data accessed October 2025.

Dr. Lena Voss, RD, PhD

Dr. Lena Voss, RD, PhD, is a Registered Dietitian and Nutritional Epidemiologist with over 18 years of experience in evidence-based nutrition. Holding a PhD from the University of Copenhagen, she specializes in dietary interventions for metabolic health and sustainable eating. Dr. Voss has published in leading journals like The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition and contributed to global wellness programs

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